18 Def 13: Augmented Complex
A complex \(F = (F_1 \xrightarrow {\partial ^F} F_0)\) is augmented if there exists a linear map \(\varepsilon : F_0 \to \mathbb {F}_2\) such that \(\varepsilon \circ \partial ^F = 0\). Concretely, for fixed natural numbers \(n_2, m_2\) and a linear map \(\partial ^F : (\operatorname {Fin} n_2 \to \mathbb {F}_2) \to _{\mathbb {F}_2} (\operatorname {Fin} m_2 \to \mathbb {F}_2)\), an AugmentedComplex consists of:
A linear map \(\varepsilon : (\operatorname {Fin} m_2 \to \mathbb {F}_2) \to _{\mathbb {F}_2} \mathbb {F}_2\) (the augmentation map),
A proof that \(\varepsilon \circ \partial ^F = 0\) (the chain map condition).
Given a differential \(\partial ^F : (\operatorname {Fin} n_2 \to \mathbb {F}_2) \to _{\mathbb {F}_2} (\operatorname {Fin} m_2 \to \mathbb {F}_2)\) and an augmented complex \(\mathtt{aug}\), the augmentation map at fiber degree \(q \in \mathbb {Z}\) is defined as:
This defines a linear map \((\operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {fiberSize}(n_2, m_2, q)) \to \mathbb {F}_2) \to _{\mathbb {F}_2} \mathbb {F}_2\), corresponding to \(\pi _0 = \varepsilon \) and \(\pi _q = 0\) for \(q \ne 0\).
For integers \(p, q \in \mathbb {Z}\), the linear map underlying the \((p,q)\)-summand of \(\pi _*\) is:
given by \(b \otimes f \mapsto \pi _q(f) \cdot b\), where \(\pi _q = \operatorname {augMap}(\partial ^F, \mathtt{aug}, q)\). Concretely, this is the composition
For any \(b : \operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {baseSize}(n_1,m_1,p)) \to \mathbb {F}_2\) and \(f : \operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {fiberSize}(n_2,m_2,0)) \to \mathbb {F}_2\),
By simplification using the definitions of piStarSummandLin, augMap_zero, and the \(\mathbb {F}_2\)-module isomorphism \(\operatorname {TensorProduct.rid}\), together with the formula for \(\operatorname {lTensor}\) on pure tensors, the result follows by reflexivity.
For any \(q \ne 0\),
By simplification using the definitions of piStarSummandLin and augMap with the conditional dif_neg hq (since \(q \ne 0\)), the augmentation map at degree \(q\) is zero, so the composition \(\operatorname {TensorProduct.rid} \circ (\operatorname {id} \otimes 0)\) reduces to zero by \(\operatorname {LinearMap.comp_zero}\).
For \(n, p, q \in \mathbb {Z}\) with \(p + q = n\), the \((p,q)\)-component of \(\pi _*\) is a morphism in \(\operatorname {ModuleCat}_{\mathbb {F}_2}\):
defined by:
If \(q = 0\): the map \(b \otimes f \mapsto \varepsilon (f) \cdot b\), composed with a type transport via \(\operatorname {Fin.cast}\) using the equality \(p = n\) (from \(p + 0 = n\)),
If \(q \ne 0\): the zero morphism.
The chain map \(\pi _* : \operatorname {Tot}(B \boxtimes _\varphi F)_n \to \mathbb {F}_2^{\operatorname {baseSize}(n_1,m_1,n)}\) at degree \(n\) is assembled from the summand maps using \(\operatorname {totalDesc}\):
given by summing the contributions \(\operatorname {piStarSummandMor}(\partial ^F, \mathtt{aug}, n, p, q)\) over all \((p, q)\) with \(p + q = n\).
For \(n, n' \in \mathbb {Z}\), the base differential is:
as a linear map \((\operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {baseSize}(n_1,m_1,n)) \to \mathbb {F}_2) \to _{\mathbb {F}_2} (\operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {baseSize}(n_1,m_1,n')) \to \mathbb {F}_2)\).
Let \(\psi \) be a chain automorphism of \(F\) and suppose \(\psi \) acts as the identity on homology (i.e., \(\psi .\operatorname {ActsAsIdOnHomology}\) holds). Then
where \(\alpha _0 = \psi .\alpha _0\) is the degree-\(0\) component of \(\psi \).
We proceed by extensionality: it suffices to show \(\varepsilon (\alpha _0(y)) = \varepsilon (y)\) for an arbitrary \(y\). By the degree-\(0\) condition of \(\operatorname {ActsAsIdOnHomology}\), we have \(\alpha _0(y) - y \in \operatorname {im}(\partial ^F)\); that is, there exists \(z\) such that \(\partial ^F(z) = \alpha _0(y) - y\). Since \(\varepsilon \circ \partial ^F = 0\), we rewrite to obtain
Applying \(\varepsilon \) to the difference and using linearity of \(\varepsilon \):
which gives \(\varepsilon (\alpha _0(y)) = \varepsilon (y)\) by \(\operatorname {sub_eq_zero}\).
Let \(\varphi \) be a connection and suppose \(\varphi \) acts as the identity on homology (i.e., \(\operatorname {ActsAsIdentityOnHomology}(\partial ^B, \partial ^F, \varphi )\) holds). For any \(b_1 : \operatorname {Fin}(n_1)\) and \(b_0 : \operatorname {Fin}(m_1)\) with \(\partial ^B(\delta _{b_1})(b_0) \ne 0\),
This is an immediate consequence of aug_comp_\(\alpha _0\)_eq applied to the chain automorphism \(\varphi \, b_1\, b_0\), using the fact that \(\operatorname {ActsAsIdentityOnHomology}\) implies \((\varphi \, b_1\, b_0).\operatorname {ActsAsIdOnHomology}\) whenever \(\partial ^B(\delta _{b_1})(b_0) \ne 0\).
Assume \(\operatorname {ActsAsIdentityOnHomology}(\partial ^B, \partial ^F, \varphi )\). On the \((p,0)\)-summand, \(\pi _*\) intertwines the horizontal twisted differential with the base differential:
We apply tensor product extensionality: it suffices to verify the equality on pure tensors \(b \otimes f\). Let \(b : \operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {baseSize}(n_1,m_1,1)) \to \mathbb {F}_2\) and \(f : \operatorname {Fin}(\operatorname {fiberSize}(n_2,m_2,0)) \to \mathbb {F}_2\) be arbitrary.
By twistedDhLin_tmul, we expand the left-hand side:
Applying \(\operatorname {piStarSummandLin}(\partial ^F, \mathtt{aug}, 0, 0)\) and using piStarSummandLin_tmul_q0, each summand becomes \(\varepsilon (\alpha _{b_1,b_0}(f)) \cdot \partial ^B(\delta _{b_1})(b_0) \cdot \delta _{b_0}\).
We then simplify using \(\operatorname {map_sum}\) and \(\operatorname {map_smul}\), and evaluate pointwise at an arbitrary index \(j \in \operatorname {Fin}(m_1)\). The sum collapses via \(\operatorname {Pi.single_apply}\) and \(\operatorname {Finset.sum_ite_eq}\), yielding:
For each pair \((b_1, j)\), we distinguish two cases:
If \(\partial ^B(\delta _{b_1})(j) = 0\), the contribution is zero on both sides.
If \(\partial ^B(\delta _{b_1})(j) \ne 0\), by aug_preserved_by_connection and autAtDeg_zero, we have \(\varepsilon \circ \alpha _{b_1,j} = \varepsilon \), so \(\varepsilon (\alpha _{b_1,j}(f)) = \varepsilon (f)\).
Thus each summand equals \(b(b_1) \cdot \partial ^B(\delta _{b_1})(j) \cdot \varepsilon (f)\), and we can factor out \(\varepsilon (f)\):
By linearity of \(\partial ^B\) and the expansion \(b = \sum _{b_1} b(b_1) \cdot \delta _{b_1}\), we obtain \((\partial ^B(b))(j) \cdot \varepsilon (f)\).
For the right-hand side, \(\operatorname {piStarSummandLin}(\partial ^F, \mathtt{aug}, 1, 0)(b \otimes f) = \varepsilon (f) \cdot b\) by piStarSummandLin_tmul_q0, and then \(\partial ^B(\varepsilon (f) \cdot b) = \varepsilon (f) \cdot \partial ^B(b)\) by linearity. Both sides agree at every index \(j\), completing the proof.
The composition of \(\pi _*\) on the \((p,0)\)-summand with \(\operatorname {id} \otimes \partial ^F\) (the vertical differential from degree \((p,1)\)) is zero:
We apply tensor product extensionality on pure tensors \(b \otimes f\). By lTensor_tmul, the left-hand side evaluates to:
Since \(\operatorname {fiberDiff}(n_2, m_2, \partial ^F, 1, 0)(f) = \partial ^F(f)\) by unfolding the definition of fiberDiff and using reflexivity, and by piStarSummandLin_tmul_q0, this equals \(\varepsilon (\partial ^F(f)) \cdot b\). Since \(\varepsilon \circ \partial ^F = 0\) (the chain map condition of the augmented complex), we have \(\varepsilon (\partial ^F(f)) = 0\), and therefore \(0 \cdot b = 0\).
The cochain map \(\pi ^* : B^*_n \to \operatorname {Tot}(B \boxtimes _\varphi F)^*_n\) at degree \(n\) is defined as the \(\mathbb {F}_2\)-dual (transpose) of the chain map \(\pi _*\):
which is a linear map
On a cochain \(\beta \in B^*_p\), this gives \(\pi ^*(\beta )(b \otimes f) = \beta (b) \cdot \varepsilon (f)\) for \(f \in F_0\), and \(\pi ^*(\beta )(b \otimes f) = 0\) for \(f \in F_1\).